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Abstracts of FIS/HIS 2016
–
Poster Presentations
Topic: Antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance
ID: 4369
Antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial isolates in adult
intensive care unit at Nizwa hospital, Oman
Nashwa Alkasaby.
Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Background:
Infection is a commonly encountered problem for
patients in intensive care units (ICUs) and Multidrug-resistant
(MDR) bacterial infection is predominant.
Aim(s)/Objective(s):
The aim of this study was to detect the frequency
of different bacterial isolates and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern
from patients admitted to adult ICU in a 5 year period from January
2008 to December 2012 at Nizwa hospital, Oman.
Method(s):
Different microbiological samples were collected and
analyzed by routine conventional methods at microbiology section,
laboratory department; Nizwa hospital. Antibiotic susceptibility (ABS)
test was done using modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as
per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results:
Total (3930) clinical samples were processed, out of which
12.8% (504/3930) showed evidence of infection, 73.6% (371/504) were
Gram-negative bacteria, 22.8% (115/504) were Gram-positive and 3.6%
(18/504) were
Candida
species. Respiratory tract infection was the
most common site of infection. Among the isolates, the most com-
monly found microorganism was
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
in respira-
tory samples, pus and wound infection, However
Klebsiella
spp. and
Escherichia coli
were predominant in urinary tract infection. Coagulase
negative
Staphylococcus
was the predominant in blood. Extended-
spectrum
β
-lactamase (ESBL)-producing
Escherichia coli
,
Klebsiella
spp.
and Proteus occurred in 43.2% (29/67), 28.6% (18/63) and 45.5% (5/11)
of total
Escherichia coli
,
Klebsiella
spp. and Proteus isolates, respect-
ively. While 16.6% of
Staphylococcus aureus
isolates were Methicillin
Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA).
Discussion and/or Conclusion(s):
Adult ICUs are faced with the
increasingly rapid emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant
bacteria. Excellent antibiotic policy and infection control implemen-
tation are important priorities for these critically ill patients.
ID: 4422
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative
bacterial isolates causing nosocomial infection in Nepal: an
emerging threat to clinical therapeutics
Manoj Sah
1
, Ram Krishna
2
, Shyam Mishra
2
, Basiata Rijal
2
,
Bharat Mani Pokhrel
2
.
1
Kathmandu University, Kantipur Dental College
Teaching Hospital & Research Center,
2
Department of Microbiology,
Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH),
Kathmandu, Nepal
Background:
Extended spectrum
β
-lactamase (ESBL)-producing
bacterial isolates causing nosocomial infection pose unique challenges
to medical practitioners now-a-days placing an extra burden on
individual patients and on healthcare system due to irrational uses of
antibiotics in Nepal.
Aim(s)/Objective(s):
The study was aimed to determine the ESBL-
producing bacterial isolates accountable for nosocomial infection.
Method(s):
Two hundred seventy nine nosocomial bacterial isolates
were studied over a period of one year from March 2011 to February
2012 at Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching
Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal as described by American Society for
Microbiology (ASM). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed
by the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusionmethod as recommended by Clinical
and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). A combination disk method
was done for detection of ESBL-production according to CLSI guide-
lines. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0.
Results:
Of the total isolates,
Escherichia coli
36.2% (n = 98),
Acineto-
bacter
species 27.7% (n = 75)
Klebsiella pneumoniae
18.5% (n = 50),
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
13.7% (n = 37) and
Citrobacter freundii
3.3%
(n = 9). Alarmingly, 21.5% (n = 58) bacterial isolates were recovered
ESBL-producer in which
K. pneumoniae
was found to be predominant
26% (n = 13) followed by
E. coli
24.5% (n = 24),
P. aeruginosa
18.9%
(n = 7), and
Acinetobacte
r species 17.3% (n = 13).
Discussion and/or Conclusion(s):
We found a high prevalence of
nosocomial bacteria producing ESBL in our hospital which prompts
a special attention for the management of such patients as well as
urgent need for implementation of infection control strategies to
prevent the dissemination of such strains. ESBL detection should be
routinely performed in clinical laboratory as false reporting would
results in treatment failure despite in vitro sensitivity.
ID: 4673
Analysis of the biofilm formation ability of antibiotic resistant
Escherichia coli
and
Klebsiella pneumoniae
strains
Sinan Baho
1
, Shivanthi Samarasinghe
2
.
1
DMU,
2
De Montfort University/
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences
Background:
Biofilm formation represents one of the major health
problems due to its difficulty to be eradicated. Most studies focus on
seeking for new antibiotics to treat biofilms but very little focus on the
bacterial virulence factors
’
genes related to biofilm formation.
Aim(s)/Objective(s):
In our work we are trying to find the relationship
between biofilm formation and Quorum Sensing (QS) virulence
factors
’
genes. This might give new insights for using new therapeutic
alternatives other than the traditional antibiotic.
Method(s):
In this work, the amount of biofilm formation of the
antibiotic resistant strains of
Escherichia coli
and
Klebsiella pneumoniae
at different time points of growth (6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) was
determined using Biofilm Formation Assay (Tissue Culture Plate Assay;
TCP). Six wells and 96 wells tissue culture plates were used in this
study using LB broth and nutrient broth, and in static and shaking
incubation conditions.
Results: Results
showed that amount of biofilm produced varies
according to the bacterial growth stage at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours of
growth and culture conditions (static or shaking) in addition to the
type of the growth media.
Discussion and/or Conclusion(s):
In conclusion, quantity of biofilm
produced is affected by the strain type, growth stage and culture
conditions. Using these result, next step will be the selection of
the highest biofilm producer strains for deletion of one of the QS
controlled virulence gene and study this effect on strain
’
s biofilm
formation ability.
ID: 4675
Comparing the feasibility and accuracy of wound aspiration and
wound swab in surgical site infection: a prospective study
Mohammad Razai.
London Northwest Healthcare
Background:
Surgical wound infections remain a significant clinical
problem. Currently wound swabs are preferred method to identify
causative organisms over wound aspiration biopsy.
Aim(s)/Objective(s):
This prospective study aimed to compare the
pathogenic bacteria isolated from wound aspirations and wound
swabs in patients who had empirical antimicrobial therapy. The
feasibility of the procedure and whether the patients experienced any
significant pain during or after aspirate sampling was also explored.
Method(s):
Seven patients with surgical site infection who had
antimicrobial therapy were included in a prospective comparative
study between wound aspiration and wound swabs.
0195-6701/© 2016 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.