The Journal of Hospital Infection - Supplement 1 - November 2016

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Abstracts of FIS/HIS 2016 – Invited Speaker Abstracts
Effective guideline implementation – a knowledge mobilisation
perspective
Raheela Ahmad. Imperial College London
The process of guideline development has changed from being
exclusive and closed to being more open and consultative. But at the
organisational level, impact of guidelines only occurs when knowledge
of what is ‘ acceptable’ is re-negotiated collectively within and across
professional groups and teams.
This session will draw upon methods of knowledge mobilisation
(knowledge transfer, translation, exchange and co-production) to help
inform effective guideline implementation for infection prevention,
control (IPC) and antimicrobial stewardship. Assessments of the
structural, process and cultural environments for effective knowledge
mobilisation from research in England will be shared.
Thinking towards future directions for IPC and antimicrobial steward-
ship, two main themes will be presented: a. the extent of guideline
consistency at national and organisational levels across the health
economyand, b. the potential role of service users across the healthcare
system.
Case 4: Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare in Heart
valves – description of a cluster and what do we do now?
Matthijs Backx. Infectious diseases and microbiology, Public HealthWales
During 2014–15, PHE were notified of seven European cases of
Mycobacterium chimaera endocarditis or deep infection following
cardiac surgery, six cases in Switzerland and one in The Netherlands.
Both countries have attributed the infections to organisms in the
heater cooler unit (HCU) of the cardiopulmonary bypass equipment. In
February 2015 PHE convened a multi-agency incident management
team to investigate whether patients in the UK were potentially at risk
of M. chimaera from contaminated HCUs. Case finding is complete in
England and Wales and identified 17 patients with infections due to
M. avium complex following cardiothoracic surgery in 10 different
NHS trusts.
In view of the essential nature of heater cooler units and the fact that it
is not currently possible to totally eliminate risks associated with their
use, NHS England and MHRA require providers to take all reasonable
steps to mitigate these risks. This includes explicit compliance with
HSE requirements and PHE or MHRA guidance. A Field Safety Notice
was issued by the manufacturers of the Sorin HCU in June 2015,
updating the decontamination regime for HCUs and recommending
microbiological monitoring and removal of highly contaminated
devices from service. What have been the implications of these
recommendations?
Infection control and antimicrobial resistance; suitable topics for
guidelines?
Mark Baker. Centre for Guidelines, National Institute for Health and Care
Excellence (NICE)
This session will describe the process by which Guideline topics were
referred to NICE and how the guidelines were developed. It will
include an update on the current content of relevant guidance and the
plans to develop the portfolio in the future. Links will be made to the
CMO (Dame Sally Davies) report and the subsequent five year strategy
on reducing antimicrobial resistance.
Vector-borne infectious disease migration in the 21st century: are
we prepared?
Matthew Baylis. Veterinary Epidemiology, University of Liverpool, UK
The end of the 20th and start of the 21st centuries have seen
unprecedented emergence of vector-borne diseases in Europe. Lyme
disease and tick-borne encephalitis are spreading and increasing in
incidence. Cases of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic fever have appeared.
There have been outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases such as
dengue, chikungunya and malaria, and Zika threatens us in 2016.
There has been an even more dramatic emergence of vector-borne
diseases of animals. Bluetongue, a viral disease of ruminants, has
occurred over most of Europe, including the UK, and caused the deaths
of millions of sheep. Schmallenberg, a new viral disease, appeared in
2011 and caused vast numbers of birth defects in cattle and sheep
across the continent. African swine fever, a devastating disease of pigs,
is currently spreading in Eastern Europe and slowly moving west.
These dramatic events have been driven by numerous factors – social,
demographic and environmental. They are facilitated by climate
change, helping vectors to survive, spread and transmit disease.
This presentation will review the greatest challenges to the UK, assess
their causes and describe what we can do – perhaps – to mitigate the
threat.
The respiratory microbial ecosystem in health and disease
Debby Bogaert. Paediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh
Microbial communities have co-evolved with humans for millions of
years. They inhabit all surfaces of the human body, including the
respiratory tract. Specific sites harbor specialized bacterial communi-
ties and it is increasingly recognized that these different micro-
ecosystems play a major role in maintaining human health. The
respiratory tract is a complex organ system which primary role in
human physiology is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The
human airways are colonized with niche-specific bacterial communi-
ties: it is increasingly recognized that one of their main functions
might be to prevent respiratory pathogens from gaining a foothold on
the mucosal surface and spreading to the lower respiratory tract.
Current research addresses how the healthy URT microbiome is
established, and what ecological and environmental factors direct
early and subsequent development of respiratory microbial commu-
nities. Moreover, we focus on the relationship between respiratory
microbiota development and maintenance of respiratory health.
Successful application of behaviour change principles in IPC
interventions
Michael Borg. Infection Control, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
Microbial communities have co-evolved with humans for millions
of years. They inhabit all surfaces of the human body, including the
respiratory tract. Specific sites harbor specialized bacterial communi-
ties and it is increasingly recognized that these different micro-
ecosystems play a major role in maintaining human health. The
respiratory tract is a complex organ system which primary role in
human physiology is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The
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